Piston and piston-rod.



No. 769,248. I PATENTED SI-IP1 1904.

s. w. BRAINARD. PISTON AND PISTON ROD.

APPLIOATION FILED APR. 12, 1904.

N0 MODEL.

Patented September 6, 1904;.

PATENT" OE IcE'.

SIDNEY W. BRAINAED, oE CLEVELAND, or-no,

LAND PNEUMATIC TOOL RATION OF OHIO.

ASSIGNOR TO THE CLEVE- OOMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPO- PISTON AND PISTON-ROD.

sPEoIEIcATIoN-fo min part of Letters Patent No. 769,24 dated September 6, 1904.

Application fiiea April 12, 1904..

To all whom it may concern; 7

Be it known that I, SIDNEY W. BRAINARD,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cleveland, county of Ouyahoga, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pistons and Piston-Rods, of which the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained and the best mode in which I have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions;

The annexed drawings and the following description set' forth in detail one mechanical form embodying the invention, such detail constructionbeing but one of .various me: chanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawings, Figure I repre sents an axial section of a single-acting engine-cylinder and piston and a piston-rod and crank, illustrating my improvement; Fig. II, an end View of the cylinder, piston, and pis ton-rod, showing the crank in side elevation; Fig. III, a section of the cylinder and piston, illustrating the mode of insertion, of the piston-rod into the piston; and Fig. IV, a view of the split ring.

This invention is particularly adapted for single-acting fluid-pressure engines, although it may be employed in other forms of engine; and it consists in an improved joint for the piston-rod in the piston.

The engine-cylinder 1 illustrated in the drawings is of the single-acting type and has a detachable head in the form of a screw-cap 2 and a port 3 at the head for the admission and exhaust of the motive fluid. The piston 4 is fitted to reciprocate in the cylinder and is of the trunk-piston type. The end of the piston facing the outer end of the cylinder has a circular recess 5 and a smaller-diameter recess 6 in the bottom of the larger recess. The I smaller recess has a cylindrical portion 7 and a hemispherical bottom 8. An annular groove 9 isformed in. the cylindrical portion of the recess, and a split ring 10, of

spring metahis inserted into this groove. The interlor dlameter of the mug when closed is Serial No. 202,801. (No model.)

less than the interior diameter of the recess, and the groove-is sufficiently deep to admit 5 of the ring being expanded into it when expanded to have itsinterior diameter equal to that of the recess.

The piston-rod 11 has a ball 12 at its end,

which exactly fits the recess. in the piston, and 5 5 I and the pivot-bearing of the rodupon the crank may at all timesbe true, regardless of any twisting of the piston in its reciprocation in the cylinder. The piston-rod may be con- 'nected toi the crank andthe piston may there- 7 [upon be inserted throughthe inner end of the cylinder, from which the cap has been removed, and pushed against the ball of the piston-rod, ,which will spread the split ring until the ball fits in the socket, when the ring will close and retain the ball in the socket. An easily attached and detached joint between the piston and rod is thus obtained and a joint which will permit of the most complete free dom of motion. The easeof connection and disconnection in this joint renders it particularlyadaptable for small engines in .which the crank-shaft is inclosed in a casing and in which such casing renders access to the joints of the piston-rod to the crank diificult, as in 5 pneumatic drills or hoists.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed for the mode herein explained. Change may therefore be made as regards the mechanism thus disclosed, 9 provided the principles of construction set forth, respectively, inv the'following claims are employed.

I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as'my in.vention 1. The combination with a piston formed With a socket having a spherical bottom, a piston-rod having a ball at its end to fit in said socket, and a yielding retainer in the socket and constructed to open to the admission of passage through it of the ball and to contractto retain the same in the socket.

3. The combination of a piston formed With a cylindrical socket having a hemispherical bottom and an annular groove in the cylindrical portion, a piston-rod formed with a ball at its end to fit in said socket, and a split ring sprung into the annular groove and having an interior diameter less than the diameter of the ball.

4:. The combination With a cylinder having a detachable head and a crank opposed to the open end of the cylinder, of a piston formed with a socket having a spherical bottom, a piston-rod pivoted to the crank and having a ball at its other end to fit in the socket, and a yielding retainer in the socket and constructed to open to the admission of the ball and to close to retain the same in the socket.

5. The combination with a cylinder having a detachable head and a crank opposed to the open end of the cylinder, of a piston-rod pivoted to the crank and having a ball at its other end, and a piston formed with a socket having a spherical bottom and provided with an expansible and contractible closure for its open end.

6. The combination with a cylinder having a detachable head and a crank opposed to the open end of the cylinder, of a piston formed with a cylindrical socket having a hemispherical bottom and an annular groove in the cylindrical portion, a piston-rod formed with a ball at its end to lit in said socket, and a split ring sprung into the annular groove and having an interior diameter less than the diameter of the ball.

7. The combination with a piston formed with a socket having a spherical hearing-surface, of a piston-rod having an enlargement at its end formed with a corresponding bearing-surface, an d a yieldin retai ner constructed to engage and delachahly connect said parts.

In testimony that 1 claim the foregoing to be my invention 1 have hereunto set my hand this 24th day of February, A. I). 1904;.

SIDNEY \V. B RA IN A R l).

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